Abubuwan da ke haifar da fashewa a cikin kankare taro

(Dalilan tsage-tsage a cikin kankare)

A cikin manyan sifofi masu girma dabam, saboda babban ɓangaren tsarin giciye da adadi mai yawa na siminti, zafin hydration da aka saki ta hanyar hydration na siminti zai haifar da manyan canje-canjen zafin jiki da raguwa. Sakamakon raguwar zafin jiki danniya shine babban dalilin fashewa a cikin simintin da aka ƙarfafa. Dalili. Akwai nau'i biyu na tsagewa: tsagewar saman da ta tsage. Yanayin ɓarkewar zafi daban-daban tsakanin farfajiya da ciki na simintin yana haifar da fashewar farfajiya. Yanayin zafi yana da ƙasa a waje kuma yana da girma a ciki, yana samar da yanayin zafin jiki, wanda ke haifar da matsananciyar damuwa a cikin siminti da damuwa mai ƙarfi a saman. Ƙaƙƙarfan damuwa a saman saman ya wuce ƙarfin juriya na simintin.

Ana haifar da tsagewar ramuka ta hanyar sanyaya sannu a hankali na siminti mai girma lokacin da ƙarfinsa ya ƙaru zuwa wani wuri. Nakasar da aka haifar da wannan bambance-bambancen sanyaya yana haɗuwa tare da haɓakar ƙarar ƙarar da ke haifar da asarar ruwa a cikin siminti da damuwa mai ƙarfi da ke haifar da ƙuntatawa na tushe da sauran yanayin iyakokin tsarin. Kararrawa na iya faruwa a ko'ina cikin duka sashe lokacin da ƙarfin simintin ya wuce. Dukansu nau'ikan tsage-tsatse iri-iri ne masu cutarwa zuwa matakai daban-daban.

Siminti mai ƙarfi yana da girma da wuri da wuri. Wannan saboda 30% zuwa 60% na ma'adanai masu kyau na ma'adinai suna maye gurbin siminti a cikin siminti mai ƙarfi. Matsakaicin madaidaicin wakili mai rage ruwa shine 1% zuwa 2% na jimlar siminti. Manne ruwa Matsayin shine 0.25 ~ 0.40, wanda ke inganta ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana kawo kyawawan kaddarorin da yawa zuwa siminti mai ƙarfi. Duk da haka, babban tasirinsa mara kyau shine karuwa a cikin yuwuwar raguwar raguwar kankare. Rushewar siminti mai ƙarfi ya fi bushewa, raguwar zafin jiki, raguwar filastik, raguwar sinadarai, da raguwa ta atomatik.

Za'a iya amfani da lokacin da siminti ya fara bayyana a matsayin ma'ana don sanin musabbabin tsagewar:

· Fashewar robobi na bayyana kusan sa'o'i kadan zuwa sama da awanni goma bayan zubawa.

· Tsagewar yanayin zafi yana bayyana kamar kwanaki 2 zuwa 10 bayan an zuba.

· Rushewar atomatik yana faruwa ne bayan da kankare ya taurare kuma ya taurare.

Bayan 'yan kwanaki zuwa kwanaki da yawa, bushewa shrinkage fasa suna bayyana kusa da shekara 1.

1. Rashin bushewa

Lokacin da kankare ya rasa ruwan da aka ɗora a cikin capillary na ciki da gel pores a cikin iska mara nauyi, bushewar bushewa zai faru. Matsakaicin siminti mai girma ya yi ƙasa da na siminti na yau da kullun, don haka busassun raguwar ƙimar ma ƙasa ce.

2. Ragewar filastik

Raunin robobi yana faruwa ne a lokacin aikin simintin filastik kafin ya taurare. Ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana da ƙarancin ruwa-ciminti rabo da ƙarancin danshi kyauta; m ma'adinai admixtures sun fi kula da ruwa. Siminti mai ƙarfi ba ya zubar da jini, kuma saman yana rasa ruwa da sauri, don haka raguwar filastik na simintin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ya fi sauƙi fiye da na siminti na yau da kullun.

3. Rage kai

Zuciyar dangi a cikin siminti da aka rufe yana raguwa tare da ci gaban hydration na siminti, wanda ake kira bushewa da kai. Bushewar kai yana haifar da rashin isasshen ruwa a cikin pores na capillary kuma yana haifar da matsananciyar matsi, don haka yana haifar da raguwar kankare na kankare. Saboda ƙarancin ruwa da siminti na siminti mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, saurin haɓaka ƙarfin farko zai haifar da amfani da ruwa kyauta da sauri, haifar da ƙarancin dangi a cikin tsarin pore ya zama ƙasa da 80%. Duk da haka, tsarin siminti mai ƙarfi yana da yawa, kuma yana da wuya ga ruwa na waje ya shiga ya kara, yana haifar da samuwar siminti. Rage kai.

A cikin jimlar raguwar siminti mai ƙarfi, bushewar bushewa, da raguwar autogenous kusan daidai suke. Ƙarƙashin rabon siminti na ruwa, mafi girman rabon raguwar autogenous. Ya bambanta da kankare na yau da kullun. Kankare na yau da kullun yana raguwa saboda bushewa, yayin da simintin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana raguwa ta atomatik.

4. Rage yanayin zafi

Don kankare tare da buƙatun ƙarfi mafi girma, adadin siminti yana da girma sosai, zafi na hydration yana da girma, kuma yawan hauhawar zafin jiki shima babba ne, gabaɗaya ya kai 35 ~ 40 ° C. Ƙara yawan zafin jiki na farko zai iya sa matsakaicin zafin jiki ya wuce 70 ~ 80 ° C. Kullum, thermal fadada coefficient na kankare ne 10 × 10-6 / ℃. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya ragu da 20 ~ 25 ℃, sanyin sanyi ya haifar shine 2 ~ 2.5 × 10-4, yayin da ƙimar ƙimar siminti na kankare shine kawai 1 ~ 1.5 × 10-Saboda haka, sanyin sanyi yakan haifar da fashewar kankare.

5. Rushewar sinadaran

Bayan an shayar da siminti, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarar lokaci yana ƙaruwa, amma cikakken ƙarar tsarin siminti-ruwa yana raguwa, yana samar da pores da yawa. Matsakaicin siminti na ruwa na siminti mai ƙarfi yana ƙarami, kuma ana ƙara haɓakar ma'adinai masu kyau a waje, don haka an taƙaita matakin hydration. Rushewar sinadarai na siminti mai ƙarfi bai kai na siminti na yau da kullun ba.

Lokacin da kankare ya ragu kuma ya zama abin kamewa a waje ko na ciki, damuwa na ɗaure yana tasowa, mai yuwuwar haifar da tsagewa. Duk da cewa siminti mai ƙarfi yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, maɗaukakin ƙarfinsa kuma yana da girma. Karkashin nakasar raguwa iri ɗaya, zai haifar da damuwa mai ƙarfi tun lokacin da babban siminti mai ƙarfi yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi mai raɗaɗi da ƙaramin shakatawa na damuwa, Rashin juriya na tsaga.

Maroki

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(Dalilan tsage-tsage a cikin kankare)