ƙwararrun mafita akan abubuwan da suka haɗa da kankare, Wakilin Kumfa, Superplasticizer, CLC Blocks Additives, da injin kumfa.
Fumaric acid, wanda aka fi sani da trans butenedioic acid, acid dicarboxylic ne tare da tsarin kwayoyin C4H4O4. Bambancin sa ya ta'allaka ne a cikin tsarin sa na geometric, inda aka tsara ƙungiyoyin carboxyl a cikin tsari na trans. Wannan tsarin tsarin yana ba FA babban kwanciyar hankali na thermal da juriya na hydrolysis, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan zaɓi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kaddarorin sinadarai masu ƙarfi.
Fumaric acid
Wata maɓalli mai mahimmanci da ke raba fumaric acid shine ikonsa na juya ruwa don samar da maleic acid. Wannan yanayin yana ba da damar yin juzu'i mai sarrafawa tsakanin nau'i biyu, waɗanda za'a iya amfani da su a cikin matakai daban-daban na sinadarai. Bugu da ƙari, ikon FA don jurewa esterification, amidation, da sauran halayen yana ba da dandamali mai yawa don haɗa nau'ikan abubuwan haɓaka da polymers daban-daban.
Aikace-aikacen masana'antu na fumaric acid
Masana'antar harhada magunguna: Fumaric acid yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin albarkatun kasa kuma yana haɓakawa a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna. Shi ne mafarin farko na haɗakar fumarate esters (FAEs), waɗanda aka yi amfani da su sosai wajen maganin cututtukan fata, musamman psoriasis. Abubuwan anti-mai kumburi da immunomodulatory na FAE suna ba shi damar sarrafa yanayin fata yadda ya kamata ba tare da illa masu alaƙa da magungunan gargajiya ba. Bugu da kari, FA yana aiki azaman mai sarrafa pH da wakili mai buffer a cikin ƙirar magunguna. Ta hanyar kiyaye mafi kyawun ƙimar pH, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da ingancin abubuwan da ke aiki. Bugu da ƙari, ƙari na FA yana ƙara haɓakawa da kuma bioavailability na kwayoyi marasa narkewa, don haka inganta tasirin warkewa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga magungunan baka, kamar yadda adadin narkar da kai tsaye yana shafar sha da tasiri.
Masana'antar abinci da abin sha: A cikin masana'antar abinci, an san fumaric acid don rawar da yake takawa a matsayin mai haɓaka dandano da mai sarrafa acidity. Dandansa mai tsami yana ƙara zurfin abubuwan sha, samfuran alewa, da samfuran kiwo, yana ba da ɗanɗano mai daɗi da daidaitacce. Ba kamar citric acid ko malic acid ba, FA baya samar da ɗanɗano mai ƙarfe, yana mai da shi aikace-aikacen kayan yaji da aka fi so. A matsayin mai sarrafa acidity, FA yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye ƙimar pH a duk tsawon rayuwar abinci. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye sabo, hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, da tabbatar da daidaiton inganci. Rashin lalacewa na FA kuma yana nufin cewa ba zai sami mummunan halayen tare da kayan marufi ba, don haka tsawaita rayuwar samfur ba tare da shafar aminci ba.
Kimiyyar Polymer da Filastik: A cikin ilimin kimiyyar polymer, fumaric acid ya ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban robobi da kayan shafa. Ƙarfinsa na samar da hanyar haɗin kai a cikin sarƙoƙi na polymer yana haɓaka ƙarfin injina da dorewa, ta haka yana ba da damar kayan don cika ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin aiki. Misali, poly (fumaric acid maleic acid copolymer) yana da kyawawan kaddarorin shinge ga iskar gas da danshi, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen marufi. Bugu da ƙari, polymers na tushen FA na iya raguwa a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin muhalli, magance batutuwan da suka shafi sharar filastik da gurɓatawa. Wannan ya yi daidai da ƙoƙarin duniya don dorewar ayyukan masana'antu da rage sawun carbon. Bugu da ƙari, kasancewar ƙungiyoyin carboxyl a cikin FA yana sauƙaƙe haɗin gwiwar hydrogen, wanda zai iya inganta aikin mannewa da haɓaka daidaituwa na polymers tare da nau'i daban-daban.
| siga | darajar |
| Chemical Name | Fumaric acid |
| CAS Number | 110-16-7 |
| kwayoyin Formula | C4H4O4 |
| kwayoyin Weight | 116.07 g / mol |
| Appearance | Farar zuwa ɗan rawaya mai launin lu'u-lu'u ko granules |
| wari | Mara wari ko tare da ɗan siffa mai wari |
| Ƙaddamarwa Point | 287°C (bazuwa) |
| tafasar Point | Sublimes ba tare da narkewa ba a yanayin zafi mafi girma |
| Yawaita @ 25°C | 1.63g/cm³ |
| pH na 1% Magani | 2.0 (zazzabi a 25 ° C) |
| Solubility a cikin Ruwa | Mai narkewa a cikin ruwa (1.9 g / 100 ml a 25 ° C), ethanol, da acetone; insoluble a cikin ether |
| Darajar acid | ≥ 700 MG KOH/g |
| Assay (Tsarki) | ≥ 99.0% (ta nauyi) |
| Asara kan bushewa | 0.5% |
| Ragowa akan Ignition | 0.1% |
| Yanayin Adanawa | Ajiye a wuri mai sanyi, bushe. Rike akwati a rufe sosai. Kare daga danshi da hasken rana kai tsaye. |
| shiryayye Life | Barga na shekaru da yawa lokacin da aka adana a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan shawarwari. |
Teburin sigar samfur na Fumaric
Muhimmin rawar fumaric acid: Jigon fumaric acid multifunctionality ya ta'allaka ne a cikin ikonsa na rinjayar bangarori da yawa na ci gaban samfur da aiki. Ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin gudunmawar FA shine rawar da take takawa wajen sarrafa halayen crystallization. Ta hanyar rinjayar tsarin haɓakawa da haɓaka haɓaka yayin ƙarfafawa, FA na iya ƙayyade nau'in samfurin na ƙarshe. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin ƙirƙirar suturar kayan kwalliya mai kyau, kamar yadda daidaitaccen iko na samuwar crystal zai iya cimma kyakkyawan santsi da ingantaccen aiki. Bugu da ƙari, kaddarorin antioxidant na fumaric acid na iya hana lalata lalacewa ta hanyar damuwa na oxidative. Kasancewar FA na iya hana rugujewar mahalli masu mahimmanci a cikin mahalli da aka fallasa ga iska, haske, ko zafi, ta haka ne ke kiyaye mutunci da tsawaita rayuwar sabis. Wannan al'amari yana da mahimmanci a cikin yanayin ajiya na dogon lokaci ko ƙalubalen yanayin aiki.
Wani mahimmin fa'idar fumaric acid shine ikonsa na canza kaddarorin rheological. Ta hanyar daidaita danko da halayen kwarara, FA na iya haɓaka sigogin sarrafawa don aikace-aikace daban-daban. Misali, a cikin samar da fenti da sutura, FA na iya inganta daidaitawa da rage sagging, yana haifar da ƙarin yunifom da sakamako mai daɗi. Hakazalika, a cikin samar da adhesives, FA na iya haɓaka danko da haɓaka mafi kyawun mannewa.
A takaice dai, fumaric acid wani mahimmin sinadari ne a cikin ilmin sinadarai na zamani, wanda ke tafiyar da sabbin abubuwa a masana'antu daban-daban. Tsarin sinadarai na musamman da ayyuka da yawa sun sa ya zama dole don haɓaka kayan haɓakawa da ƙirar ƙira waɗanda suka dace da hadaddun aikace-aikacen buƙatun yau. Amfani da dabarar fumaric acid koyaushe yana haifar da ci gaba a cikin fasahar sinadarai, ko a fagen magunguna, sarrafa abinci, ko injiniyan polymer.
Maroki
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