Production da Aikace-aikace na Lignosulfonate

(Samarwa da Aikace-aikacen Lignosulfonate)

Bayanin Wakilin Rage Ruwa

Masu rage ruwa ko masu rage ruwa wani nau'in siminti ne wanda zai iya rage yawan ruwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin kiyaye ɓacin rai na asali ba canzawa.

Dangane da abun da ke tattare da sinadarai, wakili mai rage ruwa yawanci ana kasu kashi lignosulfonate nau'in wakili mai rage ruwa, jerin naphthalene na babban wakili mai rage ruwa mai inganci, jerin melamine na babban wakili mai rage ruwa mai inganci, amino sulfonate jerin manyan abubuwan rage ruwa mai inganci. , Fatty acid jerin babban ma'aunin rage ruwa mai inganci, polycarboxylate jerin wakili na rage ruwa. 

Gabatarwa zuwa Lignosulfonate

Lignosulfonate wani samfur ne na sulfite pulping. Nauyin kwayoyin lignosulfonate shine 2000 ~ 5000, ƙungiyar sulfonate shine 1.25 ~ 2.5mcq / g. Lignosulfonate yana narkewa a cikin hanyoyin ruwa na ƙimar PH daban-daban, wanda ba a iya narkewa a cikin kaushi na ƙwayoyin cuta, rukunin aikinsa shine phenolic hydroxyl. An yi shi daga lignin, wanda yawanci ana fitar da shi daga conifers. Lignin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan lignin monomer polymerization iri uku, gami da calcium lignosulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate, da magnesium lignosulfonate. Lignosulfonate mai rage ruwa shine nau'in mai rage ruwa na gama gari, mallakar anionic surfactants. Ana iya amfani da shi kai tsaye, amma kuma a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin fili. Saboda farashi mai arha, ana amfani da shi sosai a duk duniya. An yi amfani da shi a cikin turmi yana iya inganta gini, ruwa, ƙara ƙarfi, da raguwar ruwa da 8% -10%.

Hanyar shiri na Lignosulfonate

Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu na deignification don kera abubuwan rage ruwa. 

(1) Ruwan sharar gida na sulfite yana narkewa tare da maganin alkaline, ana cire saccharides ta hanyar fermentation na halitta, kuma ana fitar da wakili na rage foda kuma an bushe. 

Ruwan sharar gida a cikin tsarin samar da sinadari na fiber ɓangaren litattafan almara cypress da aka yi daga itacen dafa abinci sulfite (fiye da 75% farin Pine) an yi amfani da shi azaman ɗanyen abu. An fitar da barasa daga sharar gida ta hanyar jiyya na haifuwa na halitta da kuma yankewa. Ruwan sharar barasa tare da kusan kashi 10% an tattara shi zuwa kusan 50% ta hanyar mai fitar da ruwa sannan a aika zuwa mai fesa don bushewa. pH = 4.5 zuwa 5.5. Daban-daban nau'ikan itace da hanyoyin dafa abinci suna da babban tasiri akan sinadarai na sharar gida na sulfite ruwa da lignosulfonate, don haka yana shafar kaddarorin wakili na rage ruwa. 

(2) Alkali lignin ko sulfate lignin tare da hanyar hazo acidification za a rabu, sa'an nan kuma sulfonated, a cikin alkaline matsakaici don samar da lignosulfonate. Lignin a cikin alkaline pulping black barasa yana wanzuwa ta hanyar alkali lignin. Lokacin da abun ciki na ingantaccen alkali a cikin baƙar fata ya fi 1.14%, alkali lignin yana narkar da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin baƙar fata, yana samar da gel na hydrophilic ba tare da hazo ba. Duk da haka, lokacin da abun ciki na alkali mai tasiri ya kasance ƙasa da 0.71%, ɓangaren colloidal na alkaloid ya lalace kuma hazo yana faruwa. Saboda rukunin hydrophilic na alkali lignin, barasa baƙar fata yana da wasu ayyuka, amma tasirin bai tsaya ba. Saboda haka, wajibi ne a gabatar da sulfonic acid kungiyar, amine kungiyar, carboxyl kungiyar, da sauran anionic surface-aiki kungiyoyin samar da ruwa rage wakili daga alkali ɓangaren litattafan almara sharar gida ruwa. Lignin yana da sauƙin amsawa tare da sulfite da sauran wakilai na sulfonating don samar da lignosulfonate. Ka'idar amsawa ita ce an gabatar da ƙungiyar sulfonic acid a cikin ƙari na ƙungiyar enol a cikin sulfonic acid kuma an shigar da ƙungiyar sulfonic acid a cikin reagent tare da Na2S03. Saboda Na2S03 an yi amfani da ruwa don samar da H2SO3, ana iya yin ƙarin amsa don samar da lignosulfonate a cikin matsakaici na alkaline.

Aikace-aikace na Lignosulfonate

Lignosulfonate superplasticizer ana amfani da shi azaman superplasticizer shi kaɗai a cikin shirye-shiryen coagulation, ko kuma ana amfani dashi azaman kayan daɗaɗɗa don samfuran rage yawan ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da shi don yin nau'i-nau'i na kayan aiki na farko, ƙarfin farko na rage yawan ruwa, jinkirin saita ruwa rage yawan ruwa, jinkirin saita manyan magunguna masu rage ruwa, masu yin famfo, masu hana ruwa ruwa, da sauran abubuwan da suka hada da abubuwan da aka shirya. .

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(Samarwa da Aikace-aikacen Lignosulfonate)